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+---
+title: "CentOS7 部署 Mariadb Galera 集群"
+date: 2019-10-30T14:01:06+08:00
+lastmod: 2019-10-30T14:01:06+08:00
+tags: ["mariadb", "galera"]
+categories: ["database"]
+---
+
+# 环境
+cpu | mem | hostname | public ip | cluster ip | CentOS | MariaDB
+---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ----
+双核 | 2GB | mariadb_1 | 10.0.0.231 | 10.10.10.1 | 7.5 | 10.1.33
+双核 | 2GB | mariadb_2 | 10.0.0.232 | 10.10.10.2 | 7.5 | 10.1.33
+双核 | 2GB | mariadb_3 | 10.0.0.233 | 10.10.10.3 | 7.5 | 10.1.33
+
+
+# 安装数据库
+### 离线安装
+- [下载 rpm](http://yum.mariadb.org/10.1/centos7-amd64/rpms/)
+    - MariaDB-10.1.33-centos7-x86_64-client.rpm
+    - MariaDB-10.1.33-centos7-x86_64-common.rpm
+    - MariaDB-10.1.33-centos7-x86_64-server.rpm
+    - MariaDB-10.1.33-centos7-x86_64-shared.rpm
+    - galera-25.3.23-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
+    - jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
+- 安装 rpm
+    ```bash
+    yum erase mariadb-libs
+    rpm -ivh *.rpm
+    ```
+- 安装后会自动执行数据库初始化脚本，如果未执行，可手动运行
+    ```bash
+    mysql_install_db --user=mysql
+    ```
+
+### yum 安装
+- 创建 MariaDB-10.1 的 yum 源文件(就近选择一个)
+    ```bash
+    #官方
+    cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo <<-END
+    [mariadb]
+    name = MariaDB
+    baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.1/centos7-amd64
+    gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
+    gpgcheck=1
+    END
+    #中科大
+    cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo <<-END
+    [mariadb]
+    name = MariaDB
+    baseurl = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.1/centos7-amd64
+    gpgkey=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
+    gpgcheck=1
+    END
+    #上海大学
+    cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo <<-END
+    [mariadb]
+    name = MariaDB
+    baseurl = https://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.1/centos7-amd64
+    gpgkey=https://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
+    gpgcheck=1
+    END
+    ```
+- 安装 MariaDB
+    ```bash
+    yum install MariaDB-client MariaDB-server
+    # galera_4 会作为依赖自动安装
+    ```
+
+# 启动server
+```bash
+systemctl start mariadb
+```
+
+# 安全设置
+- 设置root账户密码（推荐）
+    ```bash
+    mysqladmin -u root password 'password'
+    ```
+- 数据库安全设置（推荐）
+    ```bash
+    mysql_secure_installation
+    ```
+
+# 配置Galera Cluster
+- 修改/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf如下
+    ```
+    [server]
+    innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit=0
+    innodb-buffer-pool-size=1024M #一半内存
+    innodb-autoinc-lock-mode=2
+    default-storage-engine=InnoDB
+    #
+    [mysqld]
+    #
+    [galera]
+    wsrep-on=ON
+    wsrep-provider = /usr/lib64/galera/libgalera_smm.so
+    wsrep-provider-options="gcache.dir=/var/lib/gcache;gcache.size=1G;gcache.recover=yes;pc.recovery=TRUE"
+    wsrep-cluster-name="mariadb_galera_cluster"
+    wsrep-cluster-address = "gcomm://10.10.10.1,10.10.10.2,10.10.10.3"
+    wsrep-node-name = mariadb_1 #当前节点名字
+    wsrep-node-address = 10.10.10.1 #当前节点地址
+    binlog-format=ROW
+    wsrep-slave-threads=2
+    wsrep-sst-method=rsync
+    #wsrep-auto-increment-control=OFF #只通过一个节点做增删改时使用
+    #
+    [embedded]
+    #
+    [mariadb]
+    #
+    [mariadb-10.1]
+    ```
+
+# 停止 server
+    ```bash
+    systemctl stop mariadb
+    ```
+
+# 启动集群
+- 启动 galera cluster
+    ```bash
+    mysqld --wsrep-new-cluster --user=mysql
+    ```
+- 查看集群状态
+    ```sql
+    show status like 'wsrep_%';
+    ```
+- 在剩余两台服务器启动 server，向集群中添加节点
+    ```bash
+    systemctl start mariadb
+    ```
+- 再次查看集群状态
+    ```sql
+    show status like 'wsrep_%';
+    ```
+
+# 注意事项
+- 防火墙开放 3306、4444 和 4567 端口
+- 关闭 selinux
+- 集群关闭时，/var/lib/mysql/grastate.dat 文件中 safe_to_bootstrap 项为 1 的节点服务器是最后关闭的数据库，数据最全，所以下次集群启动时应从这台节点服务器启动
+
+