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+---
+title: "MariaDB 主从复制"
+date: 2020-04-13T18:00:00+08:00
+lastmod: 2020-04-13T18:00:00+08:00
+tags: ["mariadb", "master", "slave", "gtid", "replication", "同步"]
+categories: ["database"]
+---
+
+# 环境
+- mariadb 主服务器，centos7.8，192.168.1.141
+- mariadb 主服务器，centos7.8，192.168.1.142
+- mariadb 从服务器，centos7.8，192.168.1.143
+- 忽略系统数据库: information_schema, mysql, performance_schema
+
+# 在两个主服务器上创建用于备份的用户 replicator
+```sql
+grant replication slave on *.* to 'replicator'@'%' identified by 'password';
+flush privileges;
+```
+
+# 在两个主服务器上修改 my.cnf
+```
+# 唯一 ID
+# 192.168.1.141 配置 
+server-id = 141
+# 192.168.1.142 配置 
+server-id = 142
+read-only = 0
+
+# binlog
+# MariaDB 默认已开启 GTID
+log-bin          = /var/lib/mysql-bin/master
+binlog-format    = row
+sync_binlog      = 1
+expire-logs-days = 3
+gtid-strict-mode = ON
+
+# relay log
+replicate-wild-ignore-table = information_schema.%
+replicate-wild-ignore-table = init_sql.%
+replicate-wild-ignore-table = mysql.%
+replicate-wild-ignore-table = performance_schema.%
+relay-log                   = /var/lib/mysql-bin/slave
+relay-log-recovery          = TRUE
+# 复制线程数不超过 cpu 核数
+slave-parallel-threads      = 4
+
+# 双主或多主互备时，可能会用到以下配置
+# 自增主键初始值，与其他互备服务器一致
+#auto-increment-offset =
+# 自增主键等差值，与其他互备服务器均不一致
+#auto-increment-increment =
+# 该环境中，双主配合 keepalived 实现高可用，无需配置自增
+```
+
+# 开启互主同步
+```sql
+-- 在 192.168.1.141 上启动 mariadb，配置同步 192.168.1.142:
+change master to master_host = '192.168.1.142',
+                        master_port = 3306,
+                        master_user = 'replicator',
+                        master_password = 'password',
+                        master_use_gtid = slave_pos;
+
+-- 在 192.168.1.142 上启动 mariadb，配置同步 192.168.1.141:
+change master to master_host = '192.168.1.141',
+                        master_port = 3306,
+                        master_user = 'replicator',
+                        master_password = 'password',
+                        master_use_gtid = slave_pos;
+```
+
+# 在两个主服务器上启动 slave ，查看 slave 状态
+```sql
+start slave;
+-- 查看 slave 状态
+show slave status\G
+-- 如果看到
+-- Slave_IO_Running: Yes
+-- Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
+-- 则表示 slave 开启成功！
+```
+
+# 在从服务器上编辑 my.cnf
+```
+# 唯一 ID
+server-id = 143
+# 从服务器只做查询，无增删改
+read-only = 1
+
+# 忽略的数据表
+#replicate-ignore-table     = db1.t1
+replicate-wild-ignore-table = information_schema.%
+replicate-wild-ignore-table = init_sql.%
+replicate-wild-ignore-table = mysql.%
+replicate-wild-ignore-table = performance_schema.%
+relay-log                   = /var/log/mysql-bin/slave
+slave-parallel-threads      = 4
+```
+
+# 开启同步
+```sql
+change master 'db141' to master_host = '192.168.1.141',
+                         master_port = 3306,
+                         master_user = 'replicator',
+                         master_password = 'password',
+                         master_use_gtid = slave_pos;
+
+change master 'db142' to master_host = '192.168.1.142',
+                         master_port = 3306,
+                         master_user = 'replicator',
+                         master_password = 'password',
+                         master_use_gtid = slave_pos;
+```
+
+# 在从服务器上启动 slave ，查看 slave 状态
+```sql
+start all slaves;
+-- 在从服务器上查看 slave 状态
+show all slaves status\G
+-- 如果看到
+-- Slave_IO_Running: Yes
+-- Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
+-- 则表示 slave 开启成功！
+```
+
+# 参考
+- [MariaDB 复制](https://mariadb.com/kb/en/standard-replication/)
+- [MariaDB 多源复制](https://mariadb.com/kb/en/multi-source-replication/)
+