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---
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title: "CentOS7.4 静默安装 Oracle11g"
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date: 2019-10-30T11:54:49+08:00
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lastmod: 2019-10-30T11:54:49+08:00
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lastmod: 2022-04-19T12:00:00+08:00
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tags: ["oracle"]
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categories: ["database"]
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---
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@ -17,11 +17,27 @@ categories: ["database"]
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```bash
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sed -i '/^SELINUX=/cSELINUX=disabled' /etc/selinux/config
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```
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- 关闭防火墙，或者放行 tcp 1521 端口
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```bash
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systemctl disable firewalld
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systemctl stop firewalld
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```
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- 检查交换内存(swap)大小，建议内存一半以上，如果没有设置虚拟内存，可参考如下操作
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```bash
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dd if=/dev/zero bs=1024 count=1048576 of=/SWAP # 1GB
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chmod 0600 /SWAP
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echo '/SWAP swap swap defaults 0 0' >> /etc/fstab
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swapon /SWAP
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```
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- 调整 /etc/fstab，调整共享内存分区的大小
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```
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tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=5120M 0 0
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# 这里的 5120M 是要调整的共享内存分区的大小，建议大小为内存一半以上
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```
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- 重启操作系统
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```bash
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reboot
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@ -35,6 +51,7 @@ categories: ["database"]
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yum makecache fast
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yum install vim unzip rlwrap
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```
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- 安装 oracle 需要的包
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```bash
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yum install binutils compat-libcap1 compat-libstdc++-33 \
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@ -52,6 +69,7 @@ categories: ["database"]
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groupadd dba
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useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
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```
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- 创建 oracle 安装目录
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```bash
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mkdir -p /opt/oracle/app/product/11.2.0
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@ -61,6 +79,7 @@ categories: ["database"]
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chown -R oracle:oinstall /opt/oracle
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chmod -R 775 /opt/oracle
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```
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- 修改 sysctl.conf
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```bash
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cat << EOF >> /etc/sysctl.conf
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@ -80,6 +99,7 @@ categories: ["database"]
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EOF
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sysctl -p
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```
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- 修改 limits.conf
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```bash
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cat << EOF >> /etc/security/limits.conf
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@ -89,6 +109,7 @@ categories: ["database"]
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oracle hard nofile 65536
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EOF
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```
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- 修改 login
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```bash
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cat << EOF >> /etc/pam.d/login
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@ -96,6 +117,7 @@ categories: ["database"]
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session required pam_limits.so
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EOF
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```
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- 修改 profile
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```bash
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cat << EOF >> /etc/profile
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@ -110,6 +132,7 @@ categories: ["database"]
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fi
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EOF
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```
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- 修改 oracle 用户的 .bash_profile
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```bash
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cat << EOF >> /home/oracle/.bash_profile
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@ -129,15 +152,18 @@ categories: ["database"]
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unzip linux.x64_11gR2_database_2of2.zip -d /home/oracle/
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chown -R oracle.oinstall /home/oracle/database
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```
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- 切换到 oracle 用户，后续操作都在该 oracle 用户下执行
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```bash
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su - oracle
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```
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- 创建 response 文件
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```bash
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cd /home/oracle
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cp database/response/*.rsp ./
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```
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- 修改 db_install.rsp
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```bash
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sed -i \
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@ -154,6 +180,7 @@ categories: ["database"]
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-e '/^DECLINE_SECURITY_UPDATES=/s#=.*$#=true#' \
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/home/oracle/db_install.rsp
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```
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- 无需修改 netca.rsp
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- 修改 dbca.rsp
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```bash
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@ -165,6 +192,7 @@ categories: ["database"]
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-e '/^CHARACTERSET=/s#=.*$#=ZHS16GBK#' \
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/home/oracle/dbca.rsp
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```
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- 安装 oracle 软件
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```bash
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cd /home/oracle/database
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@ -173,20 +201,22 @@ categories: ["database"]
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/opt/oracle/invertory/orainstRoot.sh
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/opt/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/root.sh
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```
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- 配置监听
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```bash
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netca /silent /responseFile /home/oracle/netca.rsp
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#配置成功后，监听启动，查看监听状态
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lsnrctl status
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```
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- 创建数据库
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```bash
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dbca -silent -responseFile /home/oracle/dbca.rsp
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#查看屏幕输出的创建进度
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```
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## 简单使用
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- 登陆数据库
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## 启动数据库
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- 登陆 sysdba，启动数据库
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```
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[oracle@localhost ~]$ rlwrap sqlplus / as sysdba
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SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.1.0 Production on 星期一 6月 25 14:46:58 2018
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@ -194,6 +224,33 @@ categories: ["database"]
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连接到:
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Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.1.0 - 64bit Production
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With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
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SQL>
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SQL> startup
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```
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### 启动报错 LRM-00109
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- 详细报错信息如下:
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```
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ORA-01078: failure in processing system parameters
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LRM-00109: could not open parameter file 'cd /opt/oracle/app/product/11.2.0/dbs/initorcl.ora'
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```
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- 创建 initorcl.ora 文件
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```bash
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cd /opt/oracle/app
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cp admin/orcl11g/pfile/init.ora.* product/11.2.0/dbs/initorcl.ora
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```
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### 启动报错 ORA-00845
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- 详细报错信息如下:
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```
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ORA-00845: MEMORY_TARGET not supported on this system
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```
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- 调整 /etc/fstab，增加如下配置
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```
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tmpfs /dev/shm tmpfs defaults,size=5120M 0 0
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# 这里的 5120M 是要调整的共享内存分区的大小
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```
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- 重启服务器
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