146 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
146 lines
3.9 KiB
Markdown
---
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title: "CentOS7 部署 Mariadb Galera 集群"
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date: 2019-10-30T14:01:06+08:00
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lastmod: 2019-10-30T14:01:06+08:00
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tags: ["mariadb", "galera"]
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categories: ["database"]
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---
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## 环境
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cpu | mem | hostname | public ip | cluster ip | CentOS | MariaDB
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---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ---- | ----
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双核 | 2GB | mariadb_1 | 10.0.0.231 | 10.10.10.1 | 7.5 | 10.1.33
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双核 | 2GB | mariadb_2 | 10.0.0.232 | 10.10.10.2 | 7.5 | 10.1.33
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双核 | 2GB | mariadb_3 | 10.0.0.233 | 10.10.10.3 | 7.5 | 10.1.33
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## 安装数据库
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### 离线安装
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- [下载 rpm](http://yum.mariadb.org/10.1/centos7-amd64/rpms/)
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- MariaDB-10.1.33-centos7-x86_64-client.rpm
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- MariaDB-10.1.33-centos7-x86_64-common.rpm
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- MariaDB-10.1.33-centos7-x86_64-server.rpm
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- MariaDB-10.1.33-centos7-x86_64-shared.rpm
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- galera-25.3.23-1.rhel7.el7.centos.x86_64.rpm
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- jemalloc-3.6.0-1.el7.x86_64.rpm
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- 安装 rpm
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```bash
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yum erase mariadb-libs
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rpm -ivh *.rpm
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```
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- 安装后会自动执行数据库初始化脚本，如果未执行，可手动运行
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```bash
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mysql_install_db --user=mysql
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```
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### yum 安装
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- 创建 MariaDB-10.1 的 yum 源文件(就近选择一个)
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```bash
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#官方
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cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo <<-END
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[mariadb]
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name = MariaDB
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baseurl = http://yum.mariadb.org/10.1/centos7-amd64
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gpgkey=https://yum.mariadb.org/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
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gpgcheck=1
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END
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#中科大
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cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo <<-END
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[mariadb]
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name = MariaDB
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baseurl = https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.1/centos7-amd64
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gpgkey=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
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gpgcheck=1
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END
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#上海大学
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cat > /etc/yum.repos.d/MariaDB.repo <<-END
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[mariadb]
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name = MariaDB
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baseurl = https://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/10.1/centos7-amd64
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gpgkey=https://mirrors.shu.edu.cn/mariadb/yum/RPM-GPG-KEY-MariaDB
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gpgcheck=1
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END
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```
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- 安装 MariaDB
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```bash
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yum install MariaDB-client MariaDB-server
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# galera_4 会作为依赖自动安装
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```
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## 启动server
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```bash
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systemctl start mariadb
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```
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## 安全设置
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- 设置root账户密码（推荐）
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```bash
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mysqladmin -u root password 'password'
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```
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- 数据库安全设置（推荐）
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```bash
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mysql_secure_installation
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```
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## 配置Galera Cluster
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- 修改/etc/my.cnf.d/server.cnf如下
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```
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[server]
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innodb-flush-log-at-trx-commit=0
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innodb-buffer-pool-size=1024M #一半内存
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innodb-autoinc-lock-mode=2
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default-storage-engine=InnoDB
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#
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[mysqld]
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#
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[galera]
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wsrep-on=ON
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wsrep-provider = /usr/lib64/galera/libgalera_smm.so
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wsrep-provider-options="gcache.dir=/var/lib/gcache;gcache.size=1G;gcache.recover=yes;pc.recovery=TRUE"
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wsrep-cluster-name="mariadb_galera_cluster"
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wsrep-cluster-address = "gcomm://10.10.10.1,10.10.10.2,10.10.10.3"
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wsrep-node-name = mariadb_1 #当前节点名字
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wsrep-node-address = 10.10.10.1 #当前节点地址
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binlog-format=ROW
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wsrep-slave-threads=2
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wsrep-sst-method=rsync
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#wsrep-auto-increment-control=OFF #只通过一个节点做增删改时使用
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#
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[embedded]
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#
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[mariadb]
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#
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[mariadb-10.1]
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```
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## 停止 server
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```bash
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systemctl stop mariadb
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```
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## 启动集群
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- 启动 galera cluster
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```bash
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mysqld --wsrep-new-cluster --user=mysql
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```
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- 查看集群状态
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```sql
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show status like 'wsrep_%';
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```
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- 在剩余两台服务器启动 server，向集群中添加节点
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```bash
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systemctl start mariadb
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```
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- 再次查看集群状态
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```sql
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show status like 'wsrep_%';
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```
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## 注意事项
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- 防火墙开放 3306、4444 和 4567 端口
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- 关闭 selinux
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- 集群关闭时，/var/lib/mysql/grastate.dat 文件中 safe_to_bootstrap 项为 1 的节点服务器是最后关闭的数据库，数据最全，所以下次集群启动时应从这台节点服务器启动
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