colben/www.colben.cn
1
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull Requests Projects Releases Wiki Activity
www.colben.cn/content/post/mysql-install.md
colben 801bd56d44 update
2024-08-06 14:46:50 +08:00

6.2 KiB
Raw Permalink Blame History

title, date, lastmod, tags, categories
title date lastmod tags categories
安装 MySQL 2019-10-30T13:00:37+08:00 2024-07-05T20:36:00+08:00
centos
yum
mysql
database

CentOS7 yum 安装 MySQL5.7

环境

  • CentOS 7.4 x86_64 最小安装
  • MySQL 5.7.20

安装 mysql yum 源

  • 下载 rpm 包

    # repo 地址: https://repo.mysql.com/
cd /root/
curl -O https://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7.rpm

  • 安装 mysql 源

    rpm -ivh /root/mysql57-community-release-el7.rpm

  • 更新 yum 缓存

    yum clean all
yum makecache fast

安装 mysql

  • yum 安装 mysql 包

    yum install mysql-community-server

  • 启动 mysql

    systemctl start mysqld

  • 查找 mysql 默认 root 密码

    grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

  • 修改 root 密码

    mysqladmin -uroot -p password 'Pass-1234'
# 输入查找到的密码

安装 MySQL5.7 通用二进制包

环境

  • CentOS 7.9 x86_64 最小安装
  • MySQL 5.7.44
  • 普通用户 mortal

安装 mysql

  • 下载 MySQL5.7.44 通用二进制包

    curl -LO https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz

  • 解压

    tar zxf mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.gz
mv mysql-5.7.44-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 /mysql57
chown -R root.root /mysql57

  • 创建普通用户 mortal，切换到 mortal 用户下

    useradd -m mortal
echo -e 'mortal hard nofile 5120\nmortal soft nofile 5120\n' \
    > /etc/security/limits.d/mortal
su - mortal

  • 创建实例目录

    cd ~
mkdir -p mysql-6033/{db,log,priv-files}

  • 创建配置文件 mysql-6033/my.cnf，内容如下

    [mysqld]
symbolic-links=0
port = 6033
basedir = /mysql57
datadir = /home/lijc/mysql-6033/db
socket = /home/lijc/mysql-6033/sock
pid-file = /home/lijc/mysql-6033/pid
secure-file-priv = /home/lijc/mysql-6033/priv-files
log-timestamps = SYSTEM
explicit_defaults_for_timestamp = 1
log-error = /home/lijc/mysql-6033/log/error.log
slow-query-log = TRUE
slow-query-log-file = /home/lijc/mysql-6033/log/slow.log
character-set-server = utf8mb4
default-storage-engine = innodb
lower-case-table-names = 1

初始化基础数据

  • 初始化实例的数据目录 
    /mysql57/bin/mysqld \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/mysql-6033/my.cnf \
    --initialize-insecure

启动 mysql

  • 启动实例 
    /mysql57/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/home/mortal/mysql-6033/my.cnf --daemonize

设置 root 密码

  • 设置 mysql root 账户的密码 
    /mysql57/bin/mysqladmin -S /home/mortal/mysql-6033/sock password

客户端链接

  • 使用本机客户端登陆 mysql root 账户 
    /mysql57/bin/mysql -S /home/mortal/mysql-6033/mysqld.sock -p

安装 MySQL8 通用二进制包

环境

  • CentOS 7.9 x86_64 最小安装
  • MySQL 8.0.37 多实例
  • 普通用户 mortal

安装 mysql

  • 创建普通用户 mortal，切换到 mortal 用户下

    useradd -m mortal
su - mortal

  • 下载 MySQL8 通用二进制包

    cd ~
# 这是 debug 版本，软件包很大
curl -LO https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64.tar.xz
# 这是 strip 版本，软件包轻量，推荐
curl -LO https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal.tar.xz

  • 解压

    cd ~
# debug 版本
tar xf mysql-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
mv mysql-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql
# strip 版本
tar xf mysql-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal.tar.xz
mv mysql-8.0.37-linux-glibc2.17-x86_64-minimal mysql

  • 创建三个实例的目录

    cd ~
mkdir -p instance-{3301..3303}/{file,log}

  • 创建各实例的配置文件 instance-{3301..3303}/my.cnf

    cd ~
for i in {3301..3303}; do
    cat > instance-$i/my.cnf <<-EOF
[mysqld]
mysqlx = OFF
port = $i
basedir = /home/mortal/mysql
datadir = /home/mortal/instance-$i/db
socket = /home/mortal/instance-$i/mysqld.sock
pid-file = /home/mortal/instance-$i/mysqld.pid
secure-file-priv = /home/mortal/instance-$i/file
log-timestamps = SYSTEM
log-error = /home/mortal/instance-$i/log/error.log
slow-query-log = TRUE
slow-query-log-file = /home/mortal/instance-$i/log/slow.log
character-set-server = utf8mb4
default-storage-engine = innodb
#default-authentication-plugin = mysql_native_password
authentication-policy = mysql_native_password
lower-case-table-names = 1
EOF
done

初始化基础数据

  • 初始化每个实例的数据目录 
    cd ~
mysql/bin/mysqld \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-3301/my.cnf \
    --initialize-insecure
mysql/bin/mysqld \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-3302/my.cnf \
    --initialize-insecure
mysql/bin/mysqld \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-3303/my.cnf \
    --initialize-insecure

启动 mysql

  • 启动每个实例的 mysql 
    cd ~
mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-3301/my.cnf --daemonize
mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-3302/my.cnf --daemonize
mysql/bin/mysqld --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-3303/my.cnf --daemonize

设置 root 密码

  • 设置 mysql root 账户的密码 
    cd ~
mysql/bin/mysqladmin -S /home/mortal/instance-3301/mysqld.sock password
mysql/bin/mysqladmin -S /home/mortal/instance-3302/mysqld.sock password
mysql/bin/mysqladmin -S /home/mortal/instance-3303/mysqld.sock password

客户端链接

  • 使用本机客户端登陆 mysql root 账户 
    cd ~
mysql/bin/mysql -S /home/mortal/instance-3301/mysqld.sock -p
mysql/bin/mysql -S /home/mortal/instance-3302/mysqld.sock -p
mysql/bin/mysql -S /home/mortal/instance-3303/mysqld.sock -p