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安装 Mysql 2019-10-30T13:00:28+08:00 2022-03-28T19:00:00+08:00
centos
yum
mysql
database

CentOS7 yum 安装 Mysql5.7

环境

  • CentOS 7.4 x86_64 最小安装
  • MySQL 5.7.20

安装 mysql yum 源

  • 下载 rpm 包

    # repo 地址: https://repo.mysql.com/
cd /root/
curl -O https://repo.mysql.com/mysql57-community-release-el7.rpm

  • 安装 mysql 源

    rpm -ivh /root/mysql57-community-release-el7.rpm

  • 更新 yum 缓存

    yum clean all
yum makecache fast

安装 mysql

  • yum 安装 mysql 包

    yum install mysql-community-server

  • 启动 mysql

    systemctl start mysqld

  • 查找 mysql 默认 root 密码

    grep 'temporary password' /var/log/mysqld.log

  • 修改 root 密码

    mysqladmin -uroot -p password 'Pass-1234'
# 输入查找到的密码

CentOS7 安装 MySQL8 通用二进制包

环境

  • CentOS 7.9 x86_64 最小安装
  • MySQL 8.0.28 多实例
  • 普通用户 mortal

安装 mysql

  • 创建普通用户 mortal，切换到 mortal 用户下

    useradd -m mortal
su - mortal

  • 下载 MySQL8 通用二进制包

    cd ~
curl -LO https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/mysql/downloads/MySQL-8.0/mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz

  • 解压

    cd ~
tar xf mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64.tar.xz
mv mysql-8.0.28-linux-glibc2.12-x86_64 mysql

  • 创建三个实例的目录

    cd ~
mkdir -p instance-{1..3}/{file,log}

  • 创建各实例的配置文件 instance-{1..3}/my.cnf

    cd ~
for i in {1..3}; do
    cat > instance-$i/my.cnf <<-EOF
[mysqld]
mysqlx = OFF
port = 330$i
basedir = /home/mortal/mysql
datadir = /home/mortal/instance-$i/db
socket = /home/mortal/instance-$i/mysqld.sock
pid-file = /home/mortal/instance-$i/mysqld.pid
secure-file-priv = /home/mortal/instance-$i/file
log-timestamps = SYSTEM
log-error = /home/mortal/instance-$i/log/error.log
slow-query-log = TRUE
slow-query-log-file = /home/mortal/instance-$i/log/slow.log
character-set-server = utf8mb4
default-storage-engine = innodb
#default-authentication-plugin = mysql_native_password
authentication_policy = mysql_native_password
lower-case-table-names = 1

[client]
socket = /home/mortal/instance-$i/mysqld.sock
EOF
done

初始化基础数据

  • 初始化每个实例的数据目录 
    cd ~
mysql/bin/mysqld \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-1/my.cnf \
    --initialize-insecure
mysql/bin/mysqld \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-2/my.cnf \
    --initialize-insecure
mysql/bin/mysqld \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-3/my.cnf \
    --initialize-insecure

启动 mysql

  • 启动每个实例的 mysql 
    cd ~
mysql/bin/mysqld_safe \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-1/my.cnf \
    &>> instance-1/log/mysqld_safe.out
mysql/bin/mysqld_safe \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-2/my.cnf \
    &>> instance-2/log/mysqld_safe.out
mysql/bin/mysqld_safe \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-3/my.cnf \
    &>> instance-3/log/mysqld_safe.out

设置 root 密码

  • 设置 mysql root 账户的密码 
    cd ~
mysql/bin/mysqladmin \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-1/my.cnf \
    password
mysql/bin/mysqladmin \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-2/my.cnf \
    password
mysql/bin/mysqladmin \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-3/my.cnf \
    password

客户端链接

  • 使用本机客户端链接 mysql 
    cd ~
mysql/bin/mysql \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-1/my.cnf \
    -uroot \
    -p
mysql/bin/mysql \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-2/my.cnf \
    -uroot \
    -p
mysql/bin/mysql \
    --defaults-file=/home/mortal/instance-3/my.cnf \
    -uroot \
    -p